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| The Bhut Jolokia (also known as Naga Jolokia, Ghost Chili, Ghost Pepper, Naga Morich) is a chili pepper that grows in northeastern India (Assam, Nagaland, and Manipur), Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh and now in AUSTRALIA !!. In 2006, it was confirmed by Guinness World Records to be the hottest chili in the world, displacing the Red Savina. |
| Ripe Bhuts measure 60 mm (2.4 in) to 85 mm (3.3 in) long and 25 mm (1.0 in) to 30 mm (1.2 in) wide with an orange or red color. They are similar in appearance to the Habanero pepper, but have a rougher, dented skin—a main characteristic of the Naga. |
| Bhut Jolokia |
Fresh Bhut Jolokia Peppers (whole and cut) |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Plantae
|
| Division: |
Magnoliophyta
|
| Class: |
Magnoliopsida
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| Subclass: |
Asteridae
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| Order: |
Solanales
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| Family: |
Solanaceae
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| Genus: |
Capsicum
|
| Species: |
C. chinense C. Frutescens
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| Subspecies: |
C. c. cultivar Naga Jolokia
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| Trinomial name |
| Capsicum chinense 'Naga Jolokia' |
|
| Heat: Peak (SR: 1,041,427) |
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| In 2000, scientists at India's Defence Research Laboratory (DRL) reported a rating of 855,000 units on the Scoville scale,and in 2004 an Indian export company called Frontal Agritech obtained a rating of 1,041,427 units, which would mean it is almost twice as hot as the Red Savina pepper and roughly equal to the similar-looking Dorset Naga, which is derived from the Naga Jolokia. For comparison, pure capsaicin rates at 15,000,000–16,000,000 Scoville units. |
| In 2005 at New Mexico State University Chile Pepper Institute near Las Cruces, New Mexico, Regents Professor Paul Bosland found Naga Jolokia grown from seed in southern New Mexico to have a Scoville rating of 1,001,304 SHU by HPLC. |
| In February 2007, Guinness World Records certified the Bhut Jolokia (Prof. Bosland's preferred name for the pepper) as the world's hottest chili pepper. |
| The effect of climate on the Scoville rating of Bhut Jolokia peppers is dramatic. A 2005 Indian study that compared the percentage availability of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in Bhut Jolokia peppers grown in both Tezpur (Assam) and Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) showed that the heat of the pepper is decreased by over 50% in Gwalior's more arid climate (similar temperatures but less humid, much lower rainfall). |
| Characteristics |
| Plant height |
45-120 cm |
| Stem color |
Green |
| Leaf color |
Green |
| Leaf length |
10.65-14.25 cm |
| Leaf width |
5.4-7.5 cm |
| Pedicels/axil |
2 |
| Corolla color |
Yellow green |
| Anther color |
Pale blue |
| Annular constriction |
Present below calyx |
| Fruit color at maturity |
Red |
|
| Fruit shape |
Sub-conical to conical |
| Fruit length |
5.95-8.54 cm |
| Fruit width at shoulder |
2.5-2.95 cm |
| Fruit weight |
6.95-8.97 g |
| Fruit surface |
Rough, uneven |
| Seed color |
Light brown |
| 1000 seed weight |
0.41-0.46 g |
| Seeds/fruit |
19.22-34.15 |
| Hypocotyl color |
Green |
| Cotyledonous leaf shape |
Deltoid |
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Origin of Chilli
